EXODUS DMC-korea-Flora & Fauna

Flora & Fauna

Korea is botanically divided into five districts each with special difference: Jeju island, Southern, Central, Northern Districts and Ulleungdo, an island east of the peninsula. A great variety of flora, pine, larch, spruce, juniper, oak, willow, maple, alder and birch trees, usual in temperate climates are found over the whole peninsula. Also large gingko and Chinese elm are scattered throughout the country.

Flowering shrubs are numerous and grow profusely on the hillsides, such as forsythia, azalea, cherry, lilac, syringe and spiraea and many other varieties of wildflowers. The cypress, beech, maple and paulownia are found on Ulleung Island. The soil and climate of Korea have proved most suitable for the cultivation of fruit trees and there are large orchards of apples, pears, peaches, and vine fruits. The walnut, chestnut and pine nut as well as persimmon are indigenous and produce good crops. Oranges, Kiwis, dragon fruits and tangerines are now grown in the south. 4,159 species of plant have been recorded.

Animals found on the peninsula are the boar, bear, deer, wildcat, wolf, hare, weasel, lynx, marten, roe deer, water deer, goat, musk deer, badger, racoon, otter, mole, bat and chipmunk though now some of these animals are rare except in the mountains of Korea. There are a large number of rodents in South Korea as well, like the red squirrels and the Siberian flying squirrels. When it comes to rats or mice, the harvest mouse and the striped field mouse are quite common. Korean hares can also be found hopping around the forest. There are carnivorous mammals such as cats that are common like the leopards, panthers and tigers. You will also find common canines like the gray wolf and the red fox. The ungulates are very important to the humans economically that live in South Korea. The native horse is small but strong, while the cattle are large, useful for beef, and widely distributed.

A wide variety of water animals and fish have stimulated a vigorous fishing industry. Snakes of various kinds are found but few are venomous. Insect life has been well studied as many as harmful to trees and crops. Many of the insect groups distributed in Korea belong to the Paleoarctic Region biogeographically as with other animals and plants. It is known that approximately 12,000 known species of insects currently live in Korea. Two hundred species of butterflies have been identified. Honey bees have made honey framing an important source of income.

Some 450 species of bird have been recorded in the Korean Peninsula. Though there are many birds around, it is impossible to see all these kinds of birds in a same time of a year, and their habitats are different from each other. The most common native birds are the crow, magpie, jay, kite, heron, crane, oriole, lark, sparrow, robin, tit, pheasant and quail while the migratory birds are black-naped oriole, common cuckoo, barn swallow, egrets, geese, swans, cranes, bustard, ducks, teals, and rails.

As a measure of conservation of Korea's natural environment some flora and fauna have been designated as Protected Natural Resources. There are now over 150 listed natural resources. Certain birds such as Tristram Woodpecker, Crested Ibis, Black Stork, Blackfaced Spoonbill and Great Bustard are registered and protected. A particular long horned beetle is protected. Jindo dog is protected as a pure breed on Jindo island off the southwest coast of Korea. Korea's birds deserve a wider audience. The country's geographical location, topography, temperate climate, and wealth of diverse habitats combine to support an extraordinary attractive avifauna. (Source : Korea guide by Edward B. Adams)

Some of the birds that has been recorded in the Korean peninsula are as follow. (Source : Koera through her birds by Robert Newlin)

English	Korean	English	Korean
Grey-headed woodpecker	청딱다구리	White’s thrush	호랑지빠귀
Eurasian kestrel	황조롱이	Eurasian sparrowhawk	새매
White throated rock thrush	꼬까직바구리	Chestnut bunting	꼬까참새
Varied tit	곤줄박이	Stejneger's stonechat	검은딱새
Long-tailed tit	오목눈이	Arctic warbler	쇠솔새
Alpine accentor	바위종다리	Chestnut-flanked white-eye	한국동박새
Chinese grosbeak	밀화부리	Bull-headed shrike	때까치
Daurian redstart	딱새	Grey heron	왜가리
Oriental scops owl	소쩍새	Brown hawk owl	솔부엉이
Yellow-breasted bunting	검은머리촉새	Eagle owl	수리부엉이
Long-tailed shrike	긴꼬리때까치	Rhinoceros auklet	흰수염바다오리
Eastern crowned warbler	산솔새	Brown shrike	조랑때까치
Common pheasant	꿩	Oriental reed warbler	개개비
Yellow wagtail	긴발톱할미새	Cattle egret	황로
Little tern	쇄제비갈매기	Hen harrier	재빛개구리매
Far-eastern oystercatcher	검은머리물떼새	Naumann’s thrush	노랑지빠귀
Eurasian bullfinch	멋쟁이새	Japanese white-eye	동박새
Common rosefinch	적원자	Eurasian nuthatch	동고비
Terek sandpiper	뒷부리도요	Spectacled guillemot	흰눈썹바다오리
Common sandpiper	깝작도요	Balck-winged stilt	장다리물떼새
Balckfaced spoonbill	저어새	Ancient murrelet	바다쇠오리
Dulin	민물도요	Taiga flycatcher	흰꼬리딱새
Red-breasted flycatcher	서양흰꼬리딱새	Sharp-tailed sandpiper	메추라기도요
Asian rosy finch	갈색양진이	Black-legged kittiwake	세가락갈매기
Eastern buzzard	말똥가리	Chinese sparrowhawk	붉은배새매
Marsh sandpiper	쇠청다리도요	Wood sandpiper	알락도요
Oriental pratincole	제비물떼새	Chinese pond heron	흰날개해오라기
Desert wheatear	검은꼬리사막딱새	Mugimaki flycatcher	노랑딱새
Blue rock thrush	바다직박구리	Common kingfisher	물총새
Mandarin duck	원앙	Gold crest	상모솔새
Siberian rubythroat	진홍가슴	Grey plover	개꿩
Hazel grouse	들꿩	Narcissues flycatcher	황금새
Red-breasted merganser	바다비오리	Hoopoe	후투디
Oriental strok	황새	Grey-faced buzzard	왕새매
White-naped crane	재두루미	Red-crowned crane	두루미
Streaked shearwater	슴새	Whooper swan	큰고니
White-fronted goose	쇠기러기	Siberian blue robin	쇠유리새
White-bellied green pigeon	청비둘기	Spotted dove	목점박이비둘기
Japanese robin	붉은가슴울새	Hawfinch	콩새
Japanese grosbeak	큰부리밀화부리	Japanese wagtail	검은등할미새
Black paradise flycatcher	삼광조	Siberian accentor	멧종다리
Black brant	흑기러기	Falcated duck	청머리오리
Common snipe	깍도요	Short-eared owl	쇠부엉이
Blue-and-white flycatcher	큰유리새	Green sandpiper	삑삑도요
Ruddy kingfisher	호반새	Curlew sandpiper	붉은갯도요
Eurasian spoonbill	노랑부리저어새	Ruddy crake	쇠뜸부기사촌
Bar-tailed godwit	큰뒷부리도요	Brambling	되새
Great knot	붉은어깨도요	Grey-capped woodpecker	아물쇠딱다구리
Plumbeous redstart	부채꼬리바위딱새	Asian stubtail	숲새
Oriental cuckoo	벙어리뻐꾸기	White-backed woodpecker	큰오색딱따구리
Pallas’s reed bunting	북방검은머리쑥새	Scaly-sided merganser	호사비오리

Freshwater fishes

English	Korean	English	Korean
Chum salmon	연어	Tachanovsky's gudgeon	새미
Manchurian trout	열목어	Round tailed paradise fish	버들붕어
Trout	산천어	False dace	참붕어
Short barbell gudgeon	몰개	Korean shiner	쉬리
Chinese minnow	버들치	Kumgang fat minnow	금강모치
Minnow	연준모치	Dark sleeper	얼룩동사리
Korean dark sleeper	동사리	Long nose barbell	참마자
Goby minnow	모래무지	Eriocheir sinensis	참게
Crayfish	가재	Slender shiner	가는돌고기
Japanese eel	뱀장어	Korean torrent catfish	통가리
Slender catfish	미유기	Sea rundace	황어
Amur goby	밀어	Floating goby	꾹저구
Trident goby	민물검정망둑	Striped shiner	돌고기
Muddy loach	미꾸리	Korean spine loach	참종개
Venus fish	왜몰개	Venus fish	눈불개
Mandarin fish	황쏘가리	Korean bullhead	동자개
Ussurian bullhead	대농갱이	Black bullhead	눈동자개
Crucian carp	붕어	Korean aucha perch	꺽지
Korean spined bitterling	가시납지리	Flat bitterling	납지리
Korean spotted barbell	어름치	Korean rose bitterling	각시붕어
Rice fish	대륙송사리	Oily bitterling	칼납자루
Korean striped bitterling	줄납자루	Rosy bitterling	흰줄납줄개
Soft shell turtle	자라	Far Eastern catfish	메기
Snakehead	가물치	Sky gagre	강준치
Korean chub	참갈겨니	Pale chub	피라미
Steed barbel	누치	Chinese sturgeon	철갑상어
Short nine spine stickleback	잔가시고기	Continental stone loach	대륙종개
Hangang bitterling	한강줄납개	Korean bitterling	묵납자루
Yellow fin sculpin	둑중개	Gobiobotia Breribarba Mori	돌상어
Gobiobotia Marcocephala Mori	꾸구리	Gobiototia Naktongenis Mori	흰수마자
Exotic species
Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus)	불루길	Largemouth bass	큰입배스
Bass (Micropterus salmoides)	배스	Common carp	이스라엘잉어
Rainbow trout	무지게송어	Japanese (White) crucian carp	떡붕어
Albino trout	엘비노송어

Some of the rocks found on the Korean peninsula

English	Korean	English	Korean
Mica Schist	운모편암	Phyllist	천매암
Metapsammite	변성사질암	Banded Gneiss	호상편마암
Felsite	규장암	Quartz Porphyry	석영반암
Granite	화강암	Granodiorite	화강섬록암
Basalt	현무암	Tuff	응회암
Rhyolite	유문암	Andesite	안산암
Diorite	섬록암	Trachyte	조면암
Agalite	활석	Argillite	점판암
Feldspar	장석	Quartz	석영
Sandstone	사암	Halite	암염
Pyrite	황철석	Galena	방연석
Limestone	석회암	Igneous Rock	화성암
Metamorphic Rock	변성암	Ferriferous rock	철광석
Mudstone	이암	Crystalline gneiss	결정편마암
Quartzite	규암	Gabbro	반려암
Conglomerate	역암	Pumice	부석
Porphyry	반암	Marble	대리석
Serpentinite	사문암